Reminder: if this tutorial helps you to solve microphone issues, post your confirmation and don't edit any other setting (this will help us to set some variables).
If this tutorial doesn't help you, please post further details about it: we'll find out other ways to solve the problem.
1) Dial the number *#9646633# in the dialing interface to enter the EngineerMode.
2) Slide your finger from right to left to get into the Hardware Testing page.

3) Tap "Audio" to enter into the audio settings interface.

4) Tap "Volume", then tap "Voice" in the next interface to enter the microphone gain modification interface.


5) Change the "UL Gain" value from 168 to 220.


6) Tap "Set" and, after that, "Ok" in the confirmation prompt.

6) Tap "NB", and select "WB" from the dropdown menu.

7) Change the "UL Gain" value from 168 to 220, then tap "Set" and, after that, "Ok" in the confirmation prompt.

8) Reboot your device.